Skip to content

Town

At the town scale, the thesis analyzes Lahaina’s zoning classifications, land ownership patterns, pre- and post-fire building footprints, and infrastructure networks. This is where the four-buffer system — coastal, riparian, peri-urban, and water collection — takes shape as a spatial framework for recovery.

Drawings at this Scale

plan

Coastal Buffer Map

Plan showing the coastal buffer zone defined by sea level rise projections and the inland retreat boundary

concept-diagram

Buffer Framework Base Plan

Base plan showing the coastal, riparian, and peri-urban buffer extents with the primary circulation framework

concept-diagram

Buffer Framework - Mauka to Makai

Conceptual section showing four buffer zones from hinterland to nearshore: coastal, peri-urban, riparian, and hinterland catchment

plan

Riparian Buffer

Riparian buffer design principles with section detail showing stream corridor restoration

composite-plan

Complete Buffer System

All four buffer zones overlaid — coastal, riparian, peri-urban, and water collection — in one comprehensive plan

figure-ground

Burnt vs. Unburnt Overlay

Map showing burned and unburned structures across Lahaina after the 2023 wildfire

plan

Coast to Peri-Urban Plan

Full transect plan showing the relationship between coastal buffer, urban core, and peri-urban edge

section

Coastal Buffer Section

Sectional strategy drawing showing retreat, public access, dunes, and coastal park interventions along the shoreline

composite-plan

Integrated Framework Plan

Integrated plan linking buffers, circulation, the school, redensification, and the peri-urban park in one framework

diagram

Design Principles

Core design principles including residential rebuilding rights, public access, buffer edges, multi-functional spaces, and cultural preservation

composite-map

Diagnostic Overlay — Systemic Vulnerabilities

Composite analysis showing overlapping infrastructure, water, and fire vulnerabilities across Lahaina

analytical-map

Displacement & Redensification

Map showing 6,000-7,000 displaced residents and the scale of the proposed redensification response

analytical-map

Existing Green Infrastructure

Pre-fire map showing fragmented green spaces and limited tree canopy in Lahaina

analytical-map

Existing Water Systems

Map of streams, ditches, collection pools, retention areas, and water infrastructure across Lahaina

figure-ground

Fire Footprint: Before & After

Pre-fire urban fabric compared to post-fire footprint with 1-foot contour intervals

analytical-map

Existing Mobility Network

Pre-fire street network showing single-spine road system and evacuation bottlenecks

analytical-map

Historical Mapping

Town-scale map locating Lahaina's key heritage sites and historic districts along the coast

diagram

Historical Timeline - 1795 to 2023

Visual timeline of major events in Lahaina from pre-contact era through the 2023 wildfire

diagram

Housing Typologies

Matrix of proposed housing types including townhomes, stacked apartments, and mixed-use buildings

diagram

Community Hub Network

Three community hub locations positioned within walkable distance of all residential areas

diagram

Community Hub Typology Matrix

Matrix comparing the three community hub types, their daily uses, emergency roles, and spatial distribution

base-map

Lahaina Base Map

Base map of Lahaina showing topography, road network, runoff, and building footprints before analytical overlays

diagram

Five Key Problems

Diagram identifying five systemic problems: urban risk, weak coastal protection, displacement, lack of structure, and disconnected recovery

plan

Peri-Urban Buffer Map

Plan showing the peri-urban firebreak and agricultural transition zone between the rebuilt town and the highway

photography

Post-Fire Aerial View

Satellite image of Lahaina after the 2023 wildfire showing extent of burn damage

photography

Pre-Fire Aerial View

Satellite image of Lahaina before the 2023 wildfire showing coastal development and agricultural land

diagram

Design Principles - Overall & Urban

Diagram showing overall recovery principles and their spatial translation into Lahaina's urban section

plan

Proposed Green Infrastructure

Expanded green network connecting coastal promenade, riparian corridors, and agricultural edge

plan

Proposed Mobility Network

Redesigned street hierarchy with new boulevard, pedestrian promenade, and multiple evacuation routes

plan

Redensification Plan

Proposed high-density housing plan showing 2,200 units centered on the new boulevard with typology breakdown

diagram

Proposed Recovery Framework

Hypothesis diagram showing four-buffer framework with coastal, peri-urban, riparian, and hinterland zones surrounding a protected urban core

plan

Riparian Buffer Map

Plan showing the riparian corridor running mauka to makai through Lahaina as a restored ecological and public-access spine

analytical-map

Sea Level Rise Projections

Projected coastal encroachment scenarios from 2040 to 2300 along Lahaina's coastline

plan

Water Capture Network

Proposed water capture network showing collection zones, channels, and directional flow from the hinterland toward town

Sections

Abstract

Thesis scope, methods, and broader implications for disaster-resilient urbanism.

The Four-Buffer Framework

Coastal, riparian, peri-urban, and water collection zones forming the backbone of the recovery plan.

Community Anchors - Node-Based Urbanism

How distributing essential functions across multiple nodes prevents simultaneous loss and serves both daily life and crisis response.

Cultural Heritage & Preservation

Lahaina's cultural significance, the Moku'ula restoration, and how Hawaiian identity shapes the recovery framework.

Three District Typologies

Boulevard District, Riparian Edge District, and Coastal Edge District, how housing character varies across the recovery zone.

Disaster Gentrification & Equitable Recovery

How post-disaster recovery can displace the communities it's meant to serve, and policy mechanisms to prevent it in Lahaina.

The 2023 Wildfire - Cause, Spread, and Damage

How the August 2023 wildfire ignited, spread through Lahaina, and exposed systemic infrastructure failures.

History of Lahaina

From royal capital to tourism economy, key spatial events that shaped the town.

Street-by-Street Mobility Design

Detailed design for each corridor: the New Boulevard, Coastal Promenade, Lahaina Luna Avenue, Kahoma Boulevard, and Wainee Street.

Pioneer Mill Water Infrastructure

Historic ditch systems, aquifer designation, and the water crisis blocking Lahaina's recovery.

Multi-Scalar Diagnostic

A framework analyzing Lahaina from regional to neighborhood scale to identify intervention points.

Redensification & Community Hubs

A plan for 2,200 new housing units within a walkable core, anchored by three community hubs.

Research Questions & Hypotheses

Five primary questions framing the investigation into Lahaina's recovery.

Results & Discussion

Evaluating the recovery framework against the five hypotheses and assessing feasibility, scalability, and limitations.

The Water Crisis

Stage 2 water shortage, aquifer designation, and the infrastructure blocking Lahaina's recovery.

Proposed Systems - Water, Green Infrastructure, and Mobility

Integrated urban systems connecting water capture, green corridors, and a new mobility network.

Water System - Zone by Zone

The five water capture and distribution zones from mountain hinterland to coast, with specific strategies for each.

Zoning & Land Use

How Lahaina's land use patterns concentrated vulnerability and complicate recovery.